Back called part of the body, which is trapped between the lower back and the lower department of his neck. Back pain accompanies many diseases. And so often, that the number of applications in medical devices occupy the second place after ARI.
The most common causes of pain
What do you do when your back hurts? Of course, turn to the doctor. Treatment back pain deal with neurologists, orthopedists, it is a common practice, the manual doctors. They find out the real cause of the disorder, establish the course of treatment. The cause of the pain may be:
- osteochondrosis;
- spondiloartrozom;
- spondylitis ankylosing (Bechterew);
- lumbago;
- intercostal neuralgia;
- pregnancy;
- congenital and acquired curvature of the spine – scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis;
- professional factors;
- long-lasting physical load to the tension of the muscles of the back;
- tumors, metastases in the spine;
- the pain gives to a back pain in some diseases of the internal organs.
The main diseases that cause back pain, it is possible to combine into several groups: degenerative-dystrophic, inflammatory, myofascial, rare diseases. Separately considered pregnancy as a physiological condition of the body.
Degenerative diseases of the spine
Osteochondrosis and spondiloartrozom – frequent disease, accompanied by pain in the back. The reason lies in the pathological changes of various structures of the spine. The differences and similarities between the two diseases as follows:
| The name of the disease | Cause the pain | Reasons |
| Osteochondrosis | The defeat of the cartilage, the intervertebral disc, starting with a gelatinous core. Suffer from the body adjacent vertebrae with the formation of osteophytes, herniated. | Injuries, falls, physical and static load, age. |
| Spondiloartrozom or face arthropathy | Impaired function of the small (aspect) of the vertebrae with the formation of bone growths. In the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc, pathology ligaments. | Osteochondrosis, injuries, physical activity, disorders of posture and function of the foot. |
Sciatica, lumbago, intercostal neuralgia, radicular syndrome – these are synonyms of one of the disease. This is a consequence of degenerative disc disease, complicated hernia. The hernia is uncomfortable, squeezing the nerve roots, causing tension and spasm of the intercostal muscles. As a result, there is severe pain in the lower back, which can put on your feet. Not cure the disease leads to paresis. The patient the feeling of "crawling chills, numbness, reduced sensitivity in the limbs. Step is hard to pick up and straighten. Those terrible pains appear while sitting, trying to rise up or straighten the injured leg.
If spin got sick due to degenerative disc disease or spondylarthrosis, you will have to really hard to deal treatment. In the initial stage, especially in young people, the disease reversed. In the opposite case takes chronic with periods of exacerbations and remission. Over time, the frequency of exacerbations will increase, and the back pain will only increase.
Inflammatory diseases of the
Ankylosing spondylosis
It's the same disease ankylosing Spondylitis, chronic severe defeat of the joints of the spine. Has a genetic predisposition. It most often affects young plastic men in the heyday of forces. Sooner or later the disease leads to disability. Spondylosis begins with changes in the disks. With the development of illness is shifting in the vertebra, which is firmly connected with each other connective tissues in that the fixed structure (the bamboo stick). The spine is fully transferred in the solid state.
If the clock appears stiffness, blunt back pain, lose flexibility of the spine, immediately consult your doctor. The development of the disease even you can pause and resume physical activity.
Disease Kümmel-Top
As the disease ankylosing Spondylitis belongs to the group of nonspecific spondylosis. Arises only after the injury. The tragedy of the disease lies in the fact that the traumatic pain will soon pass. The disease is "stopped" for an indefinite period. The affected person feels perfectly healthy. The disease suddenly manifested necrotic changes of the vertebrae, fractures, frequent relapses, a terrible pain.
Spondylitis
Specific and non-specific inflammations of the spine, caused by a variety of causes. Specific spondylitis are caused by:
- tuberculosis of the vertebrae (Pott's disease);
- syphilis;
- with gonorrhea;
- brucellosis;
- intestinal, bruchnotifozna wand.
Diseases accompanied by destruction of the vertebral bodies with a very strong and permanent back pain, deformity of the spine.
Myofascial pain
The name suggests that the disease affects the muscles and fascia of the back. When excessive tension of the muscles, injuries, disorders of posture, on osteochondrosis in the fascia and muscles arise from trigger points. It is a dense painful education in the form of lumps or bands. When the pressure on the points and during the massage you experience severe pain.
Trigger zones occur in the active and passive. Active zone – these are the places better sensitivity and excitability of the muscles of the dashboard. React violently to the slightest movement of the muscles. In passive areas the pain appears only after pressure.
Internal diseases
Pneumonia, an inflammation of the pleura cause a gnawing pain in the back. In diseases of the heart pain they can give under the blade. Kidney disease are accompanied by shocks of lower back pain, lower back pain. But for somatic disease in addition to pain, the first place they build up the next symptoms. For example, in pneumonia, pleurisy appear cough, temperature, shortness of breath, etc.
Physiological pain
Pregnancy – a physiological state of the woman, fraught with frequent back pain. In the period of bearing a child a woman's body a little radical hormonal restructuring. Increases the pressure on all the organs of the system, including the spine. Changing the emotional state of pregnant women.
Pain lower back pain in early pregnancy arise when the threat of miscarriage. They pull, gnawing, sometimes convulsions. Pain at later dates relate to the increased load on the back muscles and spine. In women changing the posture increases lumbar lordosis – another reason painful feelings pregnant.
When the threat of miscarriage, in need of immediate help. To reduce the load on the spine, it is recommended to wear prenatal braces. In this challenging period it is important that everyone, even the heel height, it should be small.
Other reasons
Neoplasms
Benign and malignant, metastases to the spine in the adenoma of the prostate, myeloma diseases are the cause of the unbearable horror of pain of the spine and back.
Osteomyelitis of the spine
A rare disease caused by infection and inflammation of the vertebrae of the microbes: Staphylococcus, pseudomonas wand, Streptococcus. It affects different departments of spine. Often develops in men after 40-50 years. The disease proceeds with sharp pain in the affected department, high temperature, intoxication.
Paget's Disease
Or osteodystrophy, arises at infringement of synthesis and restoration of bone tissue. Appears on the background of autoimmune disease in ankylosing spondylosis, after the fracture. Characterized by fragility and an increased fragility of the bones of the spine.
Diagnosis
If the back hurts, you need to comprehensively examined. First, the doctor carefully examines the patient. Another diagnosis is based on clinical and instrumental performance.
During the inspection it turned out the character of the pain, localization, duration of the emergence – at night, when you change the position of the body during physical exertion, at rest, and so on Distinguish the presence of associated diseases that can trigger pain in the back, – pneumonia, pleurisy, neoplasms, mental disorders, back injuries. Then there are ongoing further studies:
- biochemical and general blood analysis;
- radiography in two or more planes;
- CT of the spine – a computed tomography;
- MRI of the spine – magnetic resonance imaging;
- scintigraphy of the bone – acquiring 2-dimensional images after the introduction of radioactive isotopes and other kinds of survey.
The doctor is better to hurt knows what kinds of diagnostics to do. Sometimes to find out the cause of the malfunction, it is enough to x-ray. Sometimes have resorted to other, more informative types of survey.
Tactics of treatment
Depending on the type of disease and the severity, is selected the desired method of treatment – conservative or surgical. Patients with acute pain and severe progression of the disease treated in the hospital, the rest are outpatient. Operations on the spine are held only rarely. Prefer conservative treatment, which acts on the underlying disease. When the pain shows:
- non-steroid medication;
- synthetic hormones of the adrenal gland;
- muscle relaxants;
- chondroprotectors;
- synovial prosthetics.
A sharp pain was shot novocain blockade, injection of hydrocortisone, analgesics. Outside the aggravation shown ointments, massage, therapeutic exercise, physiotherapy, manual and reflexology. Good results gives a stay in a sanatorium. To temporarily get rid of diseased spine, wear special fastening corsets.
The pain is not just a source of unpleasant sensations. In the initial period of the disease behaves as a defensive reaction, which determines what the body is something out of the ordinary, and that it is necessary to take action.